Election Observation
The most important international organisations with election observation activities are the United Nations (UN), the Euroepan Union (EU) and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).
UN Election Observation
In connection to elections the UN mainly provides electoral assistance. This activity also includes election observation. Further information: https://www.un.org/en
EU Election Observation: Part of the European Security and Defence Policy
The European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP)has three different objectives; 1) military and 2) civil capabilities for crisis management and 3) conflict prevention. EU developes civilian crisis management on four main areas that are mutually dependent. These areas are
police cooperation: possibility of providing up to 5 000 policemen (including 1 000 within 30 days) for tasks ranging from restoring order in cooperation with a military force to the training of local police;
strengthening the rule of law: possibility of providing up to 200 judges, prosecutors and other experts in the field for various tasks;
civilian administration: possibility of providing a team to establish or guarantee elections, taxation, education, water provision etc.;
civil protection: possibility of assisting humanitarian actors, e.g. through emergency operations.
Further information: EU Election Observation Missions | EEAS (europa.eu).
OSCE Election Monitoring
The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is a regional security organisation with 57 participating States. All European, North American and Central Asian states are participating States in the OSCE. The OSCE deals with a wide range of security-related issues including arms control, preventive diplomacy, confidence- and security-building measures, human rights, democratisation, election monitoring and economic and environmental security.
Further information: www.osce.org and www.osce.org/odihr .
Involvement in election observation tasks
In Finland participation in international election observation activities is co-ordinated by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs. Contact information:
Election observation activities in general: Political Department, Unit for OSCE, Council of Europe and Civilian Crisis Management, e-mail: [email protected] and
Election observation activities in developing countries: Department for International Development Cooperation, e-mail: [email protected]
Election observation practices in Finland
In Finland, election observation can be carried out by election observers who represent Finnish or international election observation organisations and have been authorised by the Ministry of Justice. Election observers have the right to be present when election authorities referred to in the Election Act perform their duties. As for the observation of the counting of advance votes, it should be noted that election observers cannot leave the count venue in the middle of the vote count but must wait until it has been concluded, in the same manner as everyone else present.
The Ministry of Justice does not compensate for any costs incurred from election observation.
The Ministry of Justice grants authorisations for election observers upon application. The application must contain the following information:
- the elections concerned and the purpose of the observation,
- the election observation organisation that the observers represent,
- the name, date of birth and nationality of the election observers.
A personal visit to the Ministry of Justice is a requirement for being granted an authorisation.
Observation or visit?
Polling stations and other election authorities can be visited without holding an authorisation for election observation, if the authority in question gives consent to this and the visit does not disturb the conduct of the elections in any manner. Visits must be agreed upon in advance with the authority concerned.